Opportunity Information: Apply for RFA HD 16 023

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding opportunity titled "Multidisciplinary Approaches for Developmental Research with Individuals with DSD (R21)" (Funding Opportunity Number: RFA-HD-16-023) supports exploratory, early-stage research focused on people with disorders of sex development (DSD) and their families. Because many DSD conditions are relatively rare and evidence gaps have real clinical and developmental consequences, the FOA is designed to strengthen the scientific foundation needed to improve health and life outcomes across development. A central theme is encouraging multidisciplinary work that brings together clinical, biological, surgical, psychological, and social-science perspectives, rather than studying DSD in isolated silos.

The FOA invites applications in four broad research areas. First, it encourages studies aimed at improving the diagnosis of DSD, which can include better diagnostic pathways, improved use of clinical and laboratory information, or approaches that reduce time to accurate diagnosis and clarify etiology. Second, it supports research on genitosurgery and gender assignment outcomes, including work that examines short- and longer-term outcomes of surgical and clinical decision-making, as well as factors that may predict different trajectories. Third, the FOA prioritizes research on psychosocial and functional impacts on development, which can involve mental health, family functioning, peer relationships, quality of life, stigma, education, sexual health, and day-to-day functioning across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Fourth, it funds projects aimed at improving clinical management of DSD, including care models, communication strategies, decision support, coordination across specialties, and other aspects of healthcare delivery that can measurably improve patient and family outcomes.

A defining objective of this opportunity is not only to generate new findings, but also to help build a collaborative research ecosystem. The FOA explicitly aims to create a consortium of researchers to promote collaboration and data sharing. This is especially relevant in DSD research because small patient populations can limit single-site studies; coordinated efforts and shared data can improve statistical power, enable replication, harmonize measures, and accelerate progress toward evidence-based care. In practical terms, applicants are being pushed toward research designs and infrastructures that can contribute to a broader community resource, rather than producing stand-alone results that are difficult to compare or combine.

This is a discretionary grant mechanism using the NIH R21 activity code, which generally supports exploratory or developmental research projects. The listed award ceiling is $200,000. The FOA was created on 2015-09-14, with an original closing date of 2015-12-09. The CFDA numbers associated with the opportunity are 93.394, 93.395, 93.399, and 93.865, reflecting the NIH program areas tied to the announcement.

Eligibility is broad and includes many types of institutions and organizations. Eligible applicants include state, county, city or township, and special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled institutions of higher education; private institutions of higher education; federally recognized Native American tribal governments; tribal organizations that are not federally recognized; public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities; nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status; for-profit organizations other than small businesses; small businesses; and additional entities categorized as "others." The FOA also highlights additional eligible applicant groups such as Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs), Hispanic-serving Institutions, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), eligible federal agencies, faith-based or community-based organizations, non-U.S. (foreign) organizations, regional organizations, Indian/Native American tribal governments that are not federally recognized, and U.S. territories or possessions. This wide eligibility reflects NIH interest in expanding capacity and participation across geographic regions and institution types, including organizations that may be well-positioned to engage specific communities or contribute specialized expertise.

Overall, the opportunity targets research that can directly inform better diagnostic practices, more evidence-grounded clinical and surgical decisions, improved psychosocial supports, and stronger models of ongoing clinical management for individuals with DSD. By emphasizing multidisciplinary approaches and consortium-based collaboration, it also aims to address the structural challenge of studying rare conditions and to speed the translation of findings into more consistent, patient-centered care.

  • The National Institutes of Health in the education, health, income security and social services sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Multidisciplinary Approaches for Developmental Research with Individuals with DSD (R21)" and is now available to receive applicants.
  • Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.394, 93.395, 93.399, 93.865.
  • This funding opportunity was created on 2015-09-14.
  • Applicants must submit their applications by 2015-12-09. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
  • Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $200,000.00 in funding.
  • Eligible applicants include: State governments, County governments, City or township governments, Special district governments, Independent school districts, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized), Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher education, For-profit organizations other than small businesses, Small businesses, Others.
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